Psychological Testing
वर्ष-वार विश्लेषण
पूछे जाने वाले प्रश्न प्रकार
PYQ से महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) was developed by:
Murray and Morgan / मरे और मॉर्गन
Assertion: Aptitude test predicts what individual can do given training.
Both correct, R explains A
Assertion: Rorschach is projective test. Reason: Uses scoring symbols H,A,Ad,Hd,N.
Both correct, R doesn't explain A
अध्ययन नोट्स
Types of psychological tests: Projective Tests — present ambiguous stimuli, person 'projects' personality onto them. Examples: Rorschach Ink-Blot Test (10 cards, 5 black-white, 5 colored — scoring symbols H=human, A=animal, Ad=animal detail, Hd=human detail, N=nature), Thematic Apperception Test (TAT — 30 cards + 1 blank, person creates stories), Sentence Completion Test, Word Association Test.
Objective/Psychometric Tests: Structured with specific right answers. WAIS-R (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised): Two parts — Verbal subtests (Information, Comprehension, Arithmetic, Similarities, Digit Span, Vocabulary) and Performance subtests (Digit Symbol, Picture Completion, Block Design, Picture Arrangement, Object Assembly). Key REET trap: Object Assembly and Digit Symbol are PERFORMANCE subtests, not verbal!
16 PF Questionnaire: Developed by Raymond Cattell using factor analysis. Measures 16 source personality traits as opposing tendencies (e.g., Warmth vs Coolness, Reasoning ability, Emotional stability vs Instability). NOT developed by Costa/McCrae (they developed Big Five/NEO), NOT by Rotter (Locus of Control) or McClelland (needs theory).
Personality theories for matching: Freud = Psychosexual stages (oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital) + Id/Ego/Superego. Erikson = Psychosocial stages (8 stages, trust vs mistrust through integrity vs despair). Allport = Trait theory (cardinal, central, secondary traits). Cattell = 16PF + source/surface traits. Costa & McCrae = Big Five (OCEAN: Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism).
REET Exam Tips: Rorschach = projective (not objective), WAIS-R verbal vs performance subtest matching is a guaranteed question, Cattell = 16PF (not Costa — trap!), and scoring symbols for Rorschach.